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2012 Kermadec Islands eruption
The 2012 Kermadec Islands eruption was a major undersea volcanic eruption that was produced by the previously little-known Havre Seamount near the L'Esperance and L'Havre Rocks〔(Science Direct map of Kermadec Islands and Seamounts )〕 in the Kermadec Islands of New Zealand. The large volume of low density pumice produced by the eruption accumulated as a large area of floating pumice, a ''pumice raft,'' that was variously estimated to be between .
==Eruption==
The eruption of the Havre Seamount was not initially noticed by scientists, and volcanologists were not even aware that the Havre Seamount was an active submarine volcano.〔 After the pumice raft was detected, researchers retrospectively examined satellite imagery and past seismic activity in an attempt to pinpoint the time and location of the eruption that produced the pumice raft.〔 Seismologists discovered a cluster of earthquakes (ranging in magnitude between 3.0 and 4.8) that occurred 18–19 July 2012.〔 These earthquakes were consistent with magma rising into a magma chamber prior to eruption.〔 Analysis of satellite imagery showed an ash plume appear on 18 July 2012 and conclude several days later.〔〔 Although some volcanologists initially believed that the eruption might have occurred at the Monowai Seamount, this possibility was later ruled out.〔 It is also believed that the eruption was unrelated to the 2012 Te Māri eruption at New Zealand's Mount Tongariro.
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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